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	<id>https://diffgeom.subwiki.org/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Gauss-Weingarten_map</id>
	<title>Gauss-Weingarten map - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-09-16T12:42:28Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://diffgeom.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Gauss-Weingarten_map&amp;diff=603&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Vipul: 2 revisions</title>
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		<updated>2008-05-18T19:41:19Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;2 revisions&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 19:41, 18 May 2008&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-notice&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Vipul</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://diffgeom.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Gauss-Weingarten_map&amp;diff=602&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Vipul at 20:30, 3 April 2008</title>
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		<updated>2008-04-03T20:30:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 20:30, 3 April 2008&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l14&quot;&gt;Line 14:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 14:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For codimension one oriented submanifolds, we can identify the oriented Grassmannian with the [[sphere]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;S^{n-1} = S^m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, whereas for codimension one non-oriented submanifolds, we can identify the Grassmannian with [[real projective space]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\R\mathbb{P}^m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For codimension one oriented submanifolds, we can identify the oriented Grassmannian with the [[sphere]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;S^{n-1} = S^m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, whereas for codimension one non-oriented submanifolds, we can identify the Grassmannian with [[real projective space]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\R\mathbb{P}^m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;===Tangent space can be replaced by normal space===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;We can define the Gauss-Weingarten map, instead, by sending each point to its &#039;&#039;normal space&#039;&#039; (the orthogonal complement of the tangent space to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; in the tangent space to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\R^n&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;) with suitable orientation, if the manifold is oriented. The two maps are equivalent, under the isomorphism between the Grassmannian of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;-dimensional subspaces, and the Grassmannian of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;(n-m)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;-dimensional subspaces.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Vipul</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://diffgeom.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Gauss-Weingarten_map&amp;diff=601&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Vipul: New page: ==Definition==  Suppose &lt;math&gt;M&lt;/math&gt; is a differential manifold of dimension &lt;math&gt;m&lt;/math&gt;, embedded smoothly inside &lt;math&gt;\R^n&lt;/math&gt;.  ===For non-oriented submanifolds===  If &lt;mat...</title>
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		<updated>2008-04-03T20:28:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;New page: ==Definition==  Suppose &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Differential_manifold&quot; title=&quot;Differential manifold&quot;&gt;differential manifold&lt;/a&gt; of dimension &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, embedded smoothly inside &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\R^n&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.  ===For non-oriented submanifolds===  If &amp;lt;mat...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Definition==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Suppose &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a [[differential manifold]] of dimension &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, embedded smoothly inside &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\R^n&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===For non-oriented submanifolds===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is not assumed to have an orientation, the Gauss-Weingarten map is a map from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; to the [[Grassmannian manifold]] of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;-dimensional subspaces of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\R^n&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, as follows: any point &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;p \in M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is mapped to the vector subspace of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\R^n&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; parallel to the tangent space &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;T_pM&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===For oriented submanifolds===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If we give an orientation to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the Gauss-Weingarten map is a map from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; to the [[oriented Grassmannian manifold]] of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;-dimensional subspaces of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\R^n&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; as follows: any point &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;p \in M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is sent to the vector subspace parallel to the tangent space &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;T_p M&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, equipped with the orientation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===For codimension one submanifolds===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For codimension one oriented submanifolds, we can identify the oriented Grassmannian with the [[sphere]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;S^{n-1} = S^m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, whereas for codimension one non-oriented submanifolds, we can identify the Grassmannian with [[real projective space]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\R\mathbb{P}^m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Vipul</name></author>
	</entry>
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